Effect of Nitrogen Management on Wheat Yield, Water and Nitrogen Utilization, and Economic Benefits under Ridge-Furrow Cropping System with Supplementary Irrigation

Supplemental irrigation under a ridge-furrow (RF) cropping system is valuable practice that balances resource efficiency and high crop yield. However, the effects of nitrogen management on growth, yield formation, economic benefits RF systems have not been clearly investigated. In this study, experiment was designed with three experimental factorials, including (RF, 80 mm irrigation; TF1, traditional flat 200 TF2, irrigation), two application rates (NL, 180 kg N ha−1; NH, 240 ha−1), fertilizer models (B, all fertilizers were applied basally at pre-sowing stage; BT, both jointing stages ratio 1:1). A two-year field conducted to investigate wheat yield, water utilization, system. The results showed significantly increased soil moisture content improved productivity (WP) grain wheat. Nitrogen reduction (NL) did affect use compared (NH) but uptake Although NL led in aboveground dry matter accumulation, it net income cultivation. Under conditions, BT model promoted ameliorated protein due plastic film mulching, an integrated planting trades off quality. These findings suggest NLBT promising recommendable considering quality, efficiency.